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1 hard problem
трудноразрешимая проблема
Проблема, требующая большого объема вычислений, трудная в вычислительном отношении.
[ http://www.morepc.ru/dict/]Тематики
EN
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > hard problem
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2 hard problem
teški problem -
3 hard problem
1) Психология: трудная проблема2) Безопасность: (mathematical) математически трудная задача, (mathematical) трудно решаемая математическая задача -
4 hard problem
трудно решаемая математическая задача, математически трудная задачаАнгло-русский словарь по компьютерной безопасности > hard problem
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5 hard problem
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6 computationally hard problem
труднорешаемая задача
Задача, решение которой требует больших вычислительных затрат.
[http://www.rfcmd.ru/glossword/1.8/index.php?a=index&d=23]Тематики
EN
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > computationally hard problem
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7 nondeterministic polynomial time hard problem
Программирование: NP-трудная задача, полиномиальная для недетерминированной машины Тьюринга задача ( поиска), решаемая за полиномиальное время на недетерминированной машине Тьюринга задача (поиска)Универсальный англо-русский словарь > nondeterministic polynomial time hard problem
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8 nondeterministic polynomial time hard problem
NP-трудная задача, полиномиальная для недетерминированной машины Тьюринга задача (поиска), решаемая за полиномиальное время на недетерминированной машине Тьюринга задача (поиска)English-Russian electronics dictionary > nondeterministic polynomial time hard problem
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9 nondeterministic polynomial time hard problem
NP-трудная задача, полиномиальная для недетерминированной машины Тьюринга задача (поиска), решаемая за полиномиальное время на недетерминированной машине Тьюринга задача (поиска)The New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > nondeterministic polynomial time hard problem
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10 computationally hard problem
труднорешаемая задача (задача, решение которой требует больших вычислительных затрат)English-Russian cryptological dictionary > computationally hard problem
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11 NP-hard problem
NP-сложная задача. -
12 NP-hard problem
NP-трудная задача (переборная задача Р такая, что существует некоторая NP-полная задача, сводимая по Тьюрингу к задаче Р)Англо-русский словарь промышленной и научной лексики > NP-hard problem
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13 problem
задача; проблемаАнгло-русский словарь по компьютерной безопасности > problem
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14 problem
1) проблема; задача2) проблемный3) вчт прикладной ( о программе или программисте)•- AI-complete problem
- artificial intelligence complete problem
- assignment problem
- backup problem
- benchmark problem
- bottleneck problem
- Cauchy problem
- check problem
- collision domain problem
- complementary nondeterministic polynomial time problem
- computational problem
- CoNP problem
- credit assignment problem
- decision problem
- design problem
- dimensionality problem
- domino problem
- dual problem
- eigenvalue problem
- eigenvalue assignment problem
- eight queens problem
- EVA problem
- exclusive OR problem
- feasible problem
- formalized problem
- halting problem
- identification problem
- ill-conditioned problem
- incorrectly structured problem
- key distribution problem
- Königsberg bridge problem
- last mile problem
- maximal clique problem
- multiple comparisons problem
- multi-sample problem
- nondeterministic polynomial time problem
- nondeterministic polynomial time complete problem
- nondeterministic polynomial time hard problem
- NP problem
- NPC problem
- NPH problem
- NUXI problem
- one-sample problem
- P-problem
- polynomial time problem
- Post problem
- Post correspondence problem
- Riemann-Hilbert problem
- roller-coaster problem
- satisfiability problem
- scale-up problem
- semi-structured problem
- SIEB problem
- slow-path problem
- sparse problem
- steadily injected electron beam problem
- Steiner problem on graphs
- structured problem
- test problem
- transcomputational problem
- traveling salesman problem
- trouble-location problem
- unformalized problem
- unstructured problem
- variational problem
- Y2K problem
- year 2000 problem -
15 problem
1) проблема; задача2) проблемный3) вчт. прикладной ( о программе или программисте)•- artificial intelligence complete problem
- assignment problem
- backup problem
- benchmark problem
- bottleneck problem
- Cauchy problem
- check problem
- collision domain problem
- complementary nondeterministic polynomial time problem
- computational problem
- CoNP problem
- credit assignment problem
- decision problem
- design problem
- dimensionality problem
- domino problem
- dual problem
- eigenvalue assignment problem
- eigenvalue problem
- eight queens problem
- EVA problem
- exclusive OR problem
- feasible problem
- formalized problem
- halting problem
- identification problem
- ill-conditioned problem
- incorrectly structured problem
- key distribution problem
- Königsberg bridge problem
- last mile problem
- maximal clique problem
- multiple comparisons problem
- multi-sample problem
- nondeterministic polynomial time complete problem
- nondeterministic polynomial time hard problem
- nondeterministic polynomial time problem
- NP problem
- NPC problem
- NPH problem
- NUXI problem
- one-sample problem
- P problem
- polynomial time problem
- Post correspondence problem
- Post problem
- problem of allocation
- Riemann-Hilbert problem
- roller-coaster problem
- satisfiability problem
- scale-up problem
- semi-structured problem
- SIEB problem
- slow-path problem
- sparse problem
- steadily injected electron beam problem
- Steiner problem on graphs
- structured problem
- test problem
- transcomputational problem
- traveling salesman problem
- trouble-location problem
- unformalized problem
- unstructured problem
- variational problem
- Y2K problem
- year 2000 problemThe New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > problem
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16 hard
/hɑ:d/ * tính từ - cứng, rắn =hard as steel+ rắn như thép - rắn chắc, cứng cáp =hard muscles+ bắp thịt rắn chắc - cứng (nước) =hard water+ nước cứng (có hoà tan nhiều muối vô cơ) - thô cứng; gay gắt, khó chịu =hard feature+ những nét thô cứng =hard to the ear+ nghe khó chịu =hard to the eye+ nhìn khó chịu - hà khắc, khắc nghiệt, nghiêm khắc, không thương xót, không có tính cứng rắn, cứng cỏi; hắc, keo cú, chi li =a hard look+ cái nhìn nghiêm khắc =hard discipline+ kỷ luật khắc nghiệt =hard winter+ mùa đông khắc nghiệt =to be hard on (upon) somebody+ khắc nghiệt với ai - nặng, nặng nề =a hard blow+ một đòn nặng nề, một đòn trời giáng =hard of hearing+ nặng tai =a hard drinker+ người nghiện rượu nặng - gay go, khó khăn, gian khổ, hắc búa =a hard problem+ vấn đề hắc búa =hard lines+ số không may; sự khổ cực =to be hard to convince+ khó mà thuyết phục - không thể chối câi được, không bác bỏ được, rõ rành rành =hard facts+ sự việc rõ rành rành không thể chối câi được - cao, đứng giá (thị trường giá cả) - (ngôn ngữ học) kêu (âm) - bằng đồng, bằng kim loại (tiền) =hard cash+ tiền đồng, tiền kim loại - (từ Mỹ,nghĩa Mỹ) có nồng độ rượu cao =hard liquors+ rượu mạnh !hard and fast - cứng rắn, chặt chẽ (nguyên tắc, luật lệ...) !hard as nails - (xem) nail !a hard nut to crack - (xem) nut !a hard row to hoe - (xem) row * phó từ - hết sức cố gắng, tích cực =to try hard to succeed+ cố gắng hết sức để thành công - chắc, mạnh, nhiều =to hold something hard+ nắm chắc cái gì =to strike hard+ đánh mạnh =to drink hard+ uống tuý luý, uống rượu như hũ chìm =it's raining hard+ trời mưa to - khắc nghiệt, nghiêm khắc; cứng rắn; hắc =don't use him too hard+ đừng khắc nghiệt quá đối với nó =to criticize hard+ phê bình nghiêm khắc - gay go, khó khăn, chật vật, gian khổ =to die hard+ chết một cách khó khăn =hard won+ thắng một cách chật vật - sát, gần, sát cạnh =hard by+ sát cạnh, gần bên =to follow hard after+ bám sát theo sau !to be hard bit - (xem) bit !to be hard pressed - (xem) press !to be hard put to bit - bị lâm vào hoàn cảnh khó khăn !to be hard up - cạn túi, cháy túi, hết tiền !to be hard up for - bí không bới đâu ra, bế tắc không tìm đâu ra (cái gì...) !to be hard up against it !to have it hard - (từ Mỹ,nghĩa Mỹ), (thông tục) lâm vào hoàn cảnh khó khăn, phải va chạm với những khó khăn !hard upon - gần sát, xấp xỉ =it is getting hard upon twelve+ đã gần 12 giờ rồi !it will go hard with him - rất là khó khăn bất lợi cho anh ta * danh từ - đường dốc xuống bâi, đường dốc xuống bến - (từ lóng) khổ sai =to get two year hard+ bị hai năm khổ sai -
17 hard
hard [hα:d]1. adjectivea. ( = not soft) dur ; [blow, kick, punch] violent• to set hard [concrete, clay] bien prendre• no hard feelings! sans rancune !• to show there are no hard feelings pour montrer qu'il n'y a pas de rancune entre nous (or eux etc)• to take a hard line with sb/on sth se montrer intransigeant avec qn/quand il s'agit de qch• to be hard on sb [person] être dur avec qn• hard luck! pas de chance !b. ( = not easy) dur ; [battle, fight] rude• I find it hard to believe that... j'ai du mal à croire que...• it's hard work! c'est dur !c. ( = committed) he's a hard worker il est travailleurd. [winter, climate] rude ; [frost] forte. [evidence] tangible ; [fact] concret2. adverb• no matter how hard I try, I... j'ai beau essayer, je...b. ( = badly) to take sth hard être très affecté par qch3. compounds► hard hat noun casque m ; ( = riding hat) bombe f ; (US = construction worker) ouvrier m du bâtiment• a hard-headed businessman un homme d'affaires qui a la tête sur les épaules ► hard-hearted adjective insensible* * *[hɑːd] 1.1) ( firm) durto go ou grow ou become hard — durcir
frozen hard — complètement gelé; hard lens
2) ( difficult) [problem, question, task] dur, difficile; [choice, decision] difficile; [bargaining, negotiations, fight] dur, serréto be hard to open — être dur or difficile à ouvrir
it's hard to do — c'est dur or difficile à faire
to find it hard to do something — avoir du mal à faire quelque chose, trouver dur or difficile de faire quelque chose
it's hard to accept/believe — on a du mal à accepter/croire ( that que)
it was hard work ou going — ça a été dur or difficile
hard work never hurt ou killed anybody! — le travail n'a jamais fait de mal à personne!
to be a hard worker — être travailleur/-euse
to find something out ou learn something the hard way — apprendre quelque chose à ses dépens
3) ( harsh) [life, year] difficile; [blow] fig dur, terrible; [winter] rudehard luck ou lines (colloq) GB! — pas de chance!
to take a hard line — adopter une attitude ferme ( on something à propos de quelque chose; with somebody envers quelqu'un)
it's a hard life — gen, hum, iron la vie est dure
to give somebody a hard time — (colloq) ( make things difficult) rendre la vie impossible à quelqu'un; ( tell off) passer un savon (colloq) à quelqu'un
4) (stern, cold) [person, look, words] dur, sévère5) ( concrete) [evidence, fact] solide6) ( stark) [colour, light] dur7) ( strong) [liquor] fort; [drug] dur; [pornography] hard (colloq) (inv)8) Politicsthe hard left/right — la gauche/droite (pure et) dure
9) Chemistry [water] dur, calcaire10) Linguistics [consonant] dur11) (colloq) ( tough) [person] dur12) Finance [currency] fort2.1) (strongly, energetically) [push, hit, cry] fort; [work] dur; [study, think] sérieusement; [rain] à verse; [snow] abondamment; [look, listen] attentivementto be hard hit — fig être durement frappé (by par)
to try hard — ( intellectually) faire beaucoup d'efforts; ( physically) essayer de toutes ses forces
no matter how hard I try/work, I... — j'ai beau essayer/travailler, je...
to be hard at it (colloq) ou at work — être en plein travail
2) ( with directions)hard behind — juste derrière; heel
••to be/feel hard done by — être/se sentir brimé
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18 hard
A adj1 [consistency, object, surface, skin, muscle, snow, butter, bread, ground, bed, pencil lead] dur ; [paint, wax, mud, glue] dur, durci ; to go ou grow ou become hard durcir ; to set hard [concrete, plaster etc] durcir complètement ; a hard frost une forte gelée ; frozen hard complètement gelé ; ⇒ hard lens ;2 (difficult, complex) [problem, question, puzzle] dur, difficile ; [choice] difficile, dur à faire ; [decision] difficile, dur à prendre ; (arduous, demanding) [task, study, training, climb] dur, difficile ; [bargaining, negotiations, fight] dur, serré ; I've had a hard day j'ai eu une dure journée ; a hard day's work/filming une dure journée de travail/de tournage ; to be hard to open/cut/find/read être dur or difficile à ouvrir/couper/trouver/lire ; it's a hard poem to translate c'est un poème difficile à traduire ; to be hard to please être exigeant ; it's hard to do c'est dur or difficile à faire ; it was hard not to laugh il était dur or difficile de ne pas rire ; his decision was hard for us to understand il était dur or difficile de comprendre sa décision, nous avions du mal à comprendre sa décision ; it is hard for sb to do sth il est difficile à or pour qn de faire qch ; it was hard for us to understand his decision il nous était difficile de comprendre sa décision, nous avions du mal à comprendre sa décision ; it's hard for old people to change their ways il est difficile pour les personnes âgées de changer leurs habitudes ; to find it hard to do sth avoir du mal à faire qch, trouver dur or difficile de faire qch ; to find sth hard to do trouver qch dur or difficile à faire ; it's hard to accept/believe on a du mal à accepter/croire (that que) ; I'm not afraid of hard work le travail ne me fait pas peur ; it was hard work ou going ça a été dur or difficile ; it's hard work doing sth c'est difficile or dur de faire qch ; it was hard work persuading her to sell c'était difficile or dur de la persuader de vendre ; I found the article rather hard going j'ai trouvé l'article plutôt ardu or difficile ; he made hard work of moving the table il a fait tout un plat ○ pour déplacer la table ; hard work never hurt ou killed anybody! le travail n'a jamais fait de mal à personne! ; it's too much like hard work c'est trop fatigant ; to be a hard worker [student, pupil, employee] être travailleur/-euse ; [manual worker] être dur à la tâche ; to do things the hard way se compliquer la tâche ; he got the job the hard way il a beaucoup travaillé pour en arriver là ; to find sth out ou learn sth the hard way apprendre qch à ses dépens ;3 (harsh, unpleasant) [life, childhood, year] difficile ; [blow, knock] fig dur, terrible ; [climate, winter] rude ; he has to learn to take the hard knocks il faut qu'il apprenne à encaisser ○ ; this is a hard world nous vivons dans un monde cruel or sans pitié ; to be hard on sb [person, court] être dur envers qn ; don't be so hard on yourself! ne sois pas si dur avec toi-même! ; this tax is very hard on the unemployed cet impôt frappe durement les chômeurs ; this print is hard on the eyes ces caractères ne ménagent pas la vue ; hard luck ou lines ○ GB! ( sympathetic) pas de chance! ; hard luck ou lines ○ GB ou cheese ○ GB! ( unsympathetic) tant pis pour toi!, manque de pot ○ ! ; to take a hard line adopter une attitude ferme (on sth à propos de qch ; with sb envers qn) ; it's a hard life gen, hum, iron la vie est dure ; it's a hard life being a millionaire iron c'est dur d'être (un) millionnaire ; no hard feelings! sans rancune! ; I bear her no hard feelings je ne lui en veux pas, je ne lui en tiens pas rancune ; these are hard times les temps sont durs ; to fall on hard times connaître des revers de fortune ; he's having a hard time (of it) il traverse une période difficile ; to have a hard time (of it) doing sth avoir du mal à faire qch ; to give sb a hard time ○ ( make things difficult) rendre la vie impossible à qn ; ( tell off) passer un savon ○ à qn ;4 (stern, cold) [person, voice, look, words] dur, sévère ; their hearts are hard ils ont le cœur dur ;5 ( forceful) [shove, push, knock] bon/bonne (before n) ; I gave the door a hard push j'ai poussé fortement la porte ;6 ( concrete) [evidence, proof] solide ; [facts] concret/-ète, solide ; [news] sérieux/-ieuse ; the paper that brings you the hard news le journal qui vous donne des nouvelles sérieuses ; the hard facts about sth la vérité sur qch ;8 ( strong) [drink, liquor] fort ; [drug] dur ; [pornography] hard ; to be a hard drinker boire des alcools forts ; a drop of the hard stuff ○ une goutte d'alcool (fort) ;9 Pol the hard left/right la gauche/droite (pure et) dure ;10 Chem [water] dur, calcaire ;11 Ling [consonant] dur ;B adv1 (strongly, energetically) [push, pull, punch, laugh, cry] fort ; [work] dur ; [study, think] sérieusement ; [rain] fort, à verse ; [snow] abondamment ; [look, listen] attentivement ; to hit sb/sth hard lit frapper qn/qch fort ; fig frapper qn/qch durement ; to be hard hit fig être durement frappé (by par) ; think hard! réfléchissez bien or sérieusement! ; to try hard ( intellectually) faire beaucoup d'efforts ; ( physically) essayer de toutes ses forces ; as hard as one can [run, try, push, pull, work] de toutes ses forces ; no matter how hard I try/work, I… j'ai beau essayer/travailler, je… ; to be hard at it ○ ou at work être en plein boulot ○ or travail ; she works ou drives her students very hard elle fait travailler très dur ses étudiants ; to take sth (very) hard prendre (très) mal qch ;2 ( with directions) turn hard left at the traffic lights aux feux tournez tout de suite à gauche ; go hard astern Naut machine arrière toute ; hard a-port/a-starboard Naut à babord/à tribord toute ;3 ( indicating proximity) hard behind juste derrière ; hard by† sth tout près de qch ; hard (up)on sth juste sur qch ; ⇒ heel.to play hard to get se faire désirer ; to be hard put to do avoir du mal à faire ; to be/feel hard done by être/se sentir brimé. -
19 hard
hard [hɑ:d]dur ⇒ 1 (a)-(c), 2 (a) difficile ⇒ 1 (b) froid ⇒ 1 (c) rude ⇒ 1 (c) concret ⇒ 1 (d) fort ⇒ 2 (a) difficilement ⇒ 2 (b) durement ⇒ 2 (c)(a) (not soft → substance, light, colour) dur;∎ to get or to become hard durcir;∎ rock hard, (as) hard as rock dur comme la pierre;∎ his muscles are rock hard or (as) hard as rock ses muscles sont durs comme le fer, il a des muscles d'acier;∎ she is (as) hard as nails (emotionally) elle est dure, elle n'a pas de cœur; (physically) c'est une dure à cuire(b) (difficult → question, problem etc) difficile, dur;∎ the laws make it hard to leave the country à cause des lois, il est difficile de quitter le pays;∎ to have a hard fight or struggle on one's hands avoir une lourde tâche devant soi;∎ it's hard to explain c'est difficile ou dur à expliquer;∎ I find it hard to understand/believe that... je n'arrive pas à comprendre pourquoi/croire que...;∎ it's hard to say c'est difficile à dire;∎ he's hard to get on with il n'est pas facile à vivre;∎ she is hard to please (never satisfied) elle est difficile; (difficult to buy gifts for etc) c'est difficile de lui faire plaisir;∎ it's hard to beat on trouve difficilement mieux;∎ it's hard to beat a good Bordeaux il n'y a rien de meilleur qu'un bon bordeaux;∎ the hardest part of the job is done le plus dur est fait;∎ life is hard c'est dur, la vie;∎ times are hard les temps sont durs ou difficiles;∎ these are hard times for all of us c'est une période difficile pour tout le monde;∎ to fall on hard times (financially) connaître des temps difficiles ou une période de vaches maigres; (have difficult times) connaître des temps difficiles, en voir de dures;∎ to give sb a hard time en faire voir de dures à qn;∎ the boss has just been giving me a hard time le patron vient de me faire passer un mauvais quart d'heure;∎ come on, don't give me a hard time! allez, laisse-moi tranquille!;∎ you'll have a hard time (of it) persuading him to do that tu vas avoir du mal à le convaincre de faire cela;∎ she had a hard time of it after her mother's death elle a traversé une période difficile après la mort de sa mère;∎ she had a hard time of it when she was a child la vie n'était pas drôle pour elle quand elle était enfant;∎ she had a hard time of it (in childbirth, operation) elle a souffert;∎ to learn sth the hard way (involving personal loss, suffering etc) apprendre qch à ses dépens; (in a difficult way) faire le rude apprentissage de qch;∎ I learnt the hard way not to be underinsured j'ai appris à mes dépens qu'il ne faut pas être sous-assuré;∎ I learnt skiing the hard way j'ai appris à skier à la dure;∎ I learnt my seamanship the hard way j'ai fait le rude apprentissage du métier de marin;∎ some people always have to do things the hard way il y a des gens qui choisissent toujours la difficulté;∎ to play hard to get (flirt) jouer les insaisissables;∎ humorous their financial expert is playing hard to get leur expert financier semble jouer à cache-cache;∎ the hard of hearing les malentendants mpl;∎ to be hard of hearing être dur d'oreille;∎ a glass of wine, or would you prefer a drop of the hard stuff? un verre de vin, ou bien préféreriez-vous une goutte de quelque chose de plus fort?;∎ keep off the hard stuff évitez les boissons fortes(c) (severe → voice, face, eyes) dur, froid; (→ climate, winter) rigoureux, rude; (→ frost) fort, rude;∎ to be hard on sb être dur avec qn;∎ children are hard on their shoes les enfants font subir de mauvais traitements à leurs chaussures;∎ it's hard on the nerves c'est dur pour les nerfs;∎ it was hard on the others ça a été dur pour les autres;∎ it's hardest on the children le plus dur, c'est pour les enfants;∎ to be a hard taskmaster être dur à la tâche;∎ to take a long hard look at sth examiner qch de près;∎ you should take a long hard look at yourself tu devrais bien te regarder;∎ it's a hard blow for him c'est un coup terrible pour lui;∎ no hard feelings? tu ne m'en veux pas?;∎ familiar hard luck!, British hard cheese!, hard lines! pas de chance!□, pas de veine!, pas de bol!;∎ it will be hard luck if he doesn't get the job ça ne sera pas de veine ou de bol s'il n'obtient pas le travail;∎ don't give me any of your hard luck stories ne me raconte pas tes malheurs;∎ he gave me some hard luck story about having lost his investments il a essayé de m'apitoyer en me racontant qu'il avait perdu l'argent qu'il avait investi;∎ familiar a hard nut or man un dur∎ the hard fact is that there isn't enough money la vérité, c'est qu'il n'y a pas assez d'argent;∎ the argument was not backed up by any hard fact l'argument ne s'appuyait sur rien de concret∎ it's been a long hard day la journée a été longue;∎ it's hard work c'est dur;∎ it was hard work to convince him j'ai eu fort à faire pour le convaincre;∎ she's hard work (difficult to get on with) elle n'est pas facile à vivre; (difficult to make conversation with) elle n'est pas causante;∎ she's not afraid of hard work le travail ne lui fait pas peur;∎ the climb was hard going la montée était rude;∎ it's hard going making conversation with him c'est difficile de discuter avec lui∎ she's a hard worker c'est un bourreau de travail;∎ he's a hard drinker c'est un gros buveur, il boit beaucoup;∎ he's a hard charger c'est un fonceur;∎ give it a good hard shove pousse-le un bon coup, pousse-le fort2 adverb(a) (strenuously → pull, push, hit, breathe) fort; (→ work) dur; (→ run) à toutes jambes; (→ listen) attentivement;∎ to work hard at sth beaucoup travailler qch;∎ to work hard at improving one's service/French beaucoup travailler pour améliorer son service/français;∎ to work sb hard faire travailler qn dur;∎ he works hard and plays hard il se dépense beaucoup dans son travail et dans ses loisirs;∎ you'll have to try harder il faudra que tu fasses plus d'efforts;∎ to try hard to do sth essayer de son mieux de faire qch;∎ try hard! fais de ton mieux!;∎ to think hard beaucoup réfléchir;∎ think hard! réfléchis bien!;∎ think harder! réfléchis un peu plus!;∎ we can't find it - well, look harder! nous ne le trouvons pas - et bien cherchez mieux!;∎ you didn't look very hard! tu n'as pas bien cherché;∎ to look hard at sb regarder qn bien en face;∎ to look hard at sth examiner qch;∎ as hard as possible, as hard as one can (work, try) le plus qu'on peut; (push, hit, squeeze) de toutes ses forces;∎ Nautical hard astern! arrière, toute!;∎ Cars she hauled the wheel hard over elle a braqué à fond;∎ Cars to turn hard to the left braquer à gauche, faire un virage très sec vers la gauche;∎ to swim hard for the shore nager de toutes ses forces vers le rivage;(b) (with difficulty) difficilement;∎ to be hard put or pushed or pressed to do sth avoir du mal à faire qch;∎ you'll be hard put to find a shop open at this time tu vas avoir du mal à trouver une boutique ouverte à cette heure-ci;∎ old habits die hard les vieilles habitudes ont la vie dure(c) (harshly, severely → treat someone) durement, sévèrement; (→ rain) à verse; (→ freeze, snow) fort;∎ he's feeling hard done by il a l'impression d'avoir été injustement traité;∎ to be hard hit by sth être durement touché par qch;∎ she took the news/his death pretty hard la nouvelle/sa mort l'a beaucoup éprouvée;∎ old-fashioned it'll go hard with him if he keeps telling lies ça va aller mal pour lui s'il continue à raconter des mensonges∎ the ground was frozen hard le gel avait complètement durci la terre;∎ to set hard (concrete, mortar) prendre∎ to follow hard on the heels of sb être sur les talons de qn;∎ to follow or to come hard on the heels of sth suivre qch de très près∎ hard up (short of money) fauché, à sec;∎ to be hard up for ideas manquer d'idées□, être à court d'idées□ ;∎ to be hard up for volunteers manquer de volontaires□ ;∎ figurative you must be hard up if you're going out with him! il faut vraiment que tu n'aies rien à te mettre sous la dent pour sortir avec lui!3 noun∎ to try one's hardest faire de son mieuxold-fashioned tout près de►► Typography & Computing hard carriage return retour m chariot obligatoire;hard cash (argent m) liquide m;American hard cider cidre m;hard coal anthracite m;Finance hard commodities minerais mpl;Linguistics hard consonant consonne f dure;Computing hard copy copie f sur papier, sortie f papier;hard core (nucleus) noyau m dur; Building industry empierrement m; Music hard rock m inv, hard m inv; (pornography) porno m hard;British Sport hard court (for tennis) court m en ciment;hard currency monnaie f ou devise f forte;∎ a hard currency shop un magasin où on paye en devises;Computing hard disk disque m dur;Computing hard disk drive, hard drive unité f de disque dur;hard drug drogue f dure;Horseriding hard gallop galop m soutenu;hard hat (of construction worker) casque m; American familiar (construction worker) ouvrier(ère) m,f du bâtiment;hard hat area = zone où le port du casque est obligatoire;∎ hard hat area (sign) port du casque obligatoire;Typography & Computing hard hyphen césure f imposée, trait m d'union imposé;hard labour (UNCOUNT) travaux mpl forcés;hard landing (by spacecraft) atterrissage m avec impact; figurative (during economic crisis) atterrissage m brutal;Metallurgy hard lead plomb m aigre;Politics the hard left l'extrême gauche;hard line ligne f de conduite dure;∎ to take a hard line on sb/sth adopter une ligne de conduite dure avec qn/sur qch;hard liquor spiritueux mpl;Finance hard loan prêt m aux conditions du marché;Press hard news nouvelles fpl sûres ou vérifiées;Veterinary medicine hard pad coussinet m dur;Typography & Computing hard page break fin f de page obligatoire;Anatomy hard palate voûte f du palais, palais m dur;hard porn porno m hard, hard m inv;Computing hard reset réinitialisation f totale de la machine;Typography & Computing hard return saut m de ligne manuel;Politics the hard right l'extrême droit;Music hard rock hard rock m inv, hard m inv; esp American Cookery hard sauce = sauce au beurre, au sucre et au brandy ou au rhum servie avec le pudding;hard science science f dure;hard sell vente f agressive;∎ to give sth the hard sell promouvoir qch de façon agressive;∎ the salesman gave us the hard sell le vendeur a essayé de nous forcer la main;hard sell approach, hard sell tactics méthode f de vente agressive;Cars hard shoulder bande f d'arrêt d'urgence;hard space espace m insécable;hard water eau f calcaire ou dure -
20 hard
[hɑːd] 1.1) (firm) [consistency, object] duro; [skin, paint, mud] indurito2) (difficult) [problem, question] difficile, complesso; [choice, decision] difficile, sofferto; (demanding) [task, training] duro, arduo; [ study] impegnativo; [ fight] duro, accanitoto be hard to open, find — essere difficile da aprire, da trovare
he's hard to please — è difficile da accontentare, è molto esigente
to find it hard to do sth. — avere difficoltà a fare qcs.
it's hard to accept, believe — è difficile accettare, credere ( that che)
I'm not afraid of hard work — il lavoro duro o la fatica non mi spaventa
to be a hard worker — [ student] essere uno sgobbone; [ worker] essere un gran lavoratore
to find sth. out o learn sth. the hard way — imparare qcs. a proprie spese
to be hard on sb. — essere duro, severo con qcn.
hard luck o lines! BE colloq. (sympathetic) che sfortuna! (unsympathetic) tanto peggio! to take a hard line seguire la linea dura (on sth. in qcs.); it's a hard life! scherz. iron. dura la vita! to fall on hard times cadere in miseria, andare a finire male; to give sb. a hard time — colloq. (make things difficult) rendere la vita difficile a qcn.; (tell off) dare una lavata di capo a qcn
5) (forceful) [push, knock] forte, violento6) (concrete) [ evidence] concreto; [ news] certo, fondatothe hard facts about sth. — la verità nuda e cruda su qcs
7) (stark) [colour, sound, light] forte, violento8) (strong) [ liquor] forte; [ drug] pesante; [ pornography] hard9) pol.the hard left, right — l'estrema sinistra, destra
10) chim. [ water] duro11) ling. [ consonant] duro12) colloq. (tough)so you think you're hard, do you? — credi di essere un duro, vero?
13) econ. [ currency] forte2.1) [push, laugh] forte; [ work] duro, sodo; [ study] molto, sodo; [ rain] forte, a dirotto; [ snow] fitto; [ look] intensamente; [ listen] attentamenteto be hard hit — fig. essere duramente colpito
no matter how hard I try, I... — per quanto ci provi, io...
to be hard at it — colloq. o
at work — darci dentro o lavorare sodo
to take sth. (very) hard — prendere (molto) male qcs
hard behind — subito o immediatamente dietro
••to play hard to get — fare il prezioso, farsi desiderare
to be, feel hard done by — essere, sentirsi trattato male
* * *1. adjective1) (firm; solid; not easy to break, scratch etc: The ground is too hard to dig.) duro2) (not easy to do, learn, solve etc: Is English a hard language to learn?; He is a hard man to please.) difficile3) (not feeling or showing kindness: a hard master.) duro4) ((of weather) severe: a hard winter.) duro, rigido5) (having or causing suffering: a hard life; hard times.) difficile, duro6) ((of water) containing many chemical salts and so not easily forming bubbles when soap is added: The water is hard in this part of the country.) duro2. adverb1) (with great effort: He works very hard; Think hard.) sodo; attentamente2) (with great force; heavily: Don't hit him too hard; It was raining hard.) forte3) (with great attention: He stared hard at the man.) intensamente4) (to the full extent; completely: The car turned hard right.) totalmente•- harden- hardness
- hardship
- hard-and-fast
- hard-back
- hard-boiled
- harddisk
- hard-earned
- hard-headed
- hard-hearted
- hardware
- hard-wearing
- be hard on
- hard at it
- hard done by
- hard lines/luck
- hard of hearing
- a hard time of it
- a hard time
- hard up* * *[hɑːd] 1.1) (firm) [consistency, object] duro; [skin, paint, mud] indurito2) (difficult) [problem, question] difficile, complesso; [choice, decision] difficile, sofferto; (demanding) [task, training] duro, arduo; [ study] impegnativo; [ fight] duro, accanitoto be hard to open, find — essere difficile da aprire, da trovare
he's hard to please — è difficile da accontentare, è molto esigente
to find it hard to do sth. — avere difficoltà a fare qcs.
it's hard to accept, believe — è difficile accettare, credere ( that che)
I'm not afraid of hard work — il lavoro duro o la fatica non mi spaventa
to be a hard worker — [ student] essere uno sgobbone; [ worker] essere un gran lavoratore
to find sth. out o learn sth. the hard way — imparare qcs. a proprie spese
to be hard on sb. — essere duro, severo con qcn.
hard luck o lines! BE colloq. (sympathetic) che sfortuna! (unsympathetic) tanto peggio! to take a hard line seguire la linea dura (on sth. in qcs.); it's a hard life! scherz. iron. dura la vita! to fall on hard times cadere in miseria, andare a finire male; to give sb. a hard time — colloq. (make things difficult) rendere la vita difficile a qcn.; (tell off) dare una lavata di capo a qcn
5) (forceful) [push, knock] forte, violento6) (concrete) [ evidence] concreto; [ news] certo, fondatothe hard facts about sth. — la verità nuda e cruda su qcs
7) (stark) [colour, sound, light] forte, violento8) (strong) [ liquor] forte; [ drug] pesante; [ pornography] hard9) pol.the hard left, right — l'estrema sinistra, destra
10) chim. [ water] duro11) ling. [ consonant] duro12) colloq. (tough)so you think you're hard, do you? — credi di essere un duro, vero?
13) econ. [ currency] forte2.1) [push, laugh] forte; [ work] duro, sodo; [ study] molto, sodo; [ rain] forte, a dirotto; [ snow] fitto; [ look] intensamente; [ listen] attentamenteto be hard hit — fig. essere duramente colpito
no matter how hard I try, I... — per quanto ci provi, io...
to be hard at it — colloq. o
at work — darci dentro o lavorare sodo
to take sth. (very) hard — prendere (molto) male qcs
hard behind — subito o immediatamente dietro
••to play hard to get — fare il prezioso, farsi desiderare
to be, feel hard done by — essere, sentirsi trattato male
См. также в других словарях:
Hard problem — Problème difficile de la conscience L expression problème difficile de la conscience (Hard problem of consciousness), inventée par David Chalmers[1], désigne le problème de l explication du fait que nous avons des expériences phénoménales… … Wikipédia en Français
Hard problem of consciousness — The term hard problem of consciousness, coined by David Chalmers [ The Place of Mind, ed. Brian Cooney] , refers to the hard problem of explaining why we have qualitative phenomenal experiences. It is contrasted with the easy problems of… … Wikipedia
Hard problem of consciousness — Problème difficile de la conscience L expression problème difficile de la conscience (Hard problem of consciousness), inventée par David Chalmers[1], désigne le problème de l explication du fait que nous avons des expériences phénoménales… … Wikipédia en Français
Hard — (h[aum]rd), a. [Compar. {Harder} ( [ e]r); superl. {Hardest}.] [OE. hard, heard, AS. heard; akin to OS. & D. hard, G. hart, OHG. herti, harti, Icel. har[eth]r, Dan. haard, Sw. h[*a]rd, Goth. hardus, Gr. kraty s strong, ka rtos, kra tos, strength … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Hard and fast — Hard Hard (h[aum]rd), a. [Compar. {Harder} ( [ e]r); superl. {Hardest}.] [OE. hard, heard, AS. heard; akin to OS. & D. hard, G. hart, OHG. herti, harti, Icel. har[eth]r, Dan. haard, Sw. h[*a]rd, Goth. hardus, Gr. kraty s strong, ka rtos, kra tos … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Hard cancer — Hard Hard (h[aum]rd), a. [Compar. {Harder} ( [ e]r); superl. {Hardest}.] [OE. hard, heard, AS. heard; akin to OS. & D. hard, G. hart, OHG. herti, harti, Icel. har[eth]r, Dan. haard, Sw. h[*a]rd, Goth. hardus, Gr. kraty s strong, ka rtos, kra tos … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Hard case — Hard Hard (h[aum]rd), a. [Compar. {Harder} ( [ e]r); superl. {Hardest}.] [OE. hard, heard, AS. heard; akin to OS. & D. hard, G. hart, OHG. herti, harti, Icel. har[eth]r, Dan. haard, Sw. h[*a]rd, Goth. hardus, Gr. kraty s strong, ka rtos, kra tos … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Hard clam — Hard Hard (h[aum]rd), a. [Compar. {Harder} ( [ e]r); superl. {Hardest}.] [OE. hard, heard, AS. heard; akin to OS. & D. hard, G. hart, OHG. herti, harti, Icel. har[eth]r, Dan. haard, Sw. h[*a]rd, Goth. hardus, Gr. kraty s strong, ka rtos, kra tos … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Hard coal — Hard Hard (h[aum]rd), a. [Compar. {Harder} ( [ e]r); superl. {Hardest}.] [OE. hard, heard, AS. heard; akin to OS. & D. hard, G. hart, OHG. herti, harti, Icel. har[eth]r, Dan. haard, Sw. h[*a]rd, Goth. hardus, Gr. kraty s strong, ka rtos, kra tos … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Hard finish — Hard Hard (h[aum]rd), a. [Compar. {Harder} ( [ e]r); superl. {Hardest}.] [OE. hard, heard, AS. heard; akin to OS. & D. hard, G. hart, OHG. herti, harti, Icel. har[eth]r, Dan. haard, Sw. h[*a]rd, Goth. hardus, Gr. kraty s strong, ka rtos, kra tos … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Hard lines — Hard Hard (h[aum]rd), a. [Compar. {Harder} ( [ e]r); superl. {Hardest}.] [OE. hard, heard, AS. heard; akin to OS. & D. hard, G. hart, OHG. herti, harti, Icel. har[eth]r, Dan. haard, Sw. h[*a]rd, Goth. hardus, Gr. kraty s strong, ka rtos, kra tos … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
